Um método híbrido de otimização topológica para estruturas de concreto armado

Abstract

This work introduce a new alternative for obtain strut and tie models using the Hybrid Topology Optimization Method, already proposed in the technical literature, being refined here to use polygonal finite elements and to accelerate the solution of the material nonlinearity problem. In this method, concrete is approached as a continuum, using a polygonal bidimensional finite element, and steel bars as truss elements, using a unidimensial finite elemente with two nodes. For a closer representation of reality, an orthotropic constitutive model for concrete was implemented considering different compression and traction stiffness, being one of the advantages of the model.. The hybrid method also limites the final arrangement of steel bars, generating better structures from the constructive point of view, while allowing greater freedom for the shape and angulation of the concrete struts. As a disadvantage the method is more complex, increasing the computational cost, which however has been substantially reduced through the implementation of an algorithm. The results obtained for some domains were very close to the results of other methodologies, but small differences are noted that may be relevant to the final result. Other domains showed results with greater differences, significantly changing the final strut and tie model, presenting a new structural design alternative,