Caracterização morfológica e seleção de genótipos de milho para região semiárida

Abstract

Corn is of great importance in the semiarid region of Sergipe. The zoning of the crop in the region is due to studies aimed at the selection and adaptability of genotypes to adverse conditions. Therefore, the objective was to characterize and select corn genotypes for grain production in the semiarid region of Sergipe. For this, 78 genotypes were evaluated by a randomized block design, in Nossa Senhora da Glória, Sergipe. Analysis of variance for fixed effects, empirical kernel density, analysis of the average distribution of commercial and experimental genotypes and Person correlation were performed. The BLUE doss estimates of grain yield were used to select the “good” and “bad” genotypes. In the generation of the UPGMA dendrogram, the BLUE's of all variables were used. The means of experimental and commercial genotypes showed statistical difference at 5% for 1000 grain weight and grain yield. 43 maize genotypes were selected. With deviance analysis for random effects, genetic parameters of the population of experimental genotypes were estimated. The experimentals XB 7530, DGX 20 S03, DGX 20 S02, DGX 20 S01, LG 6036 PRO3 and EX 3561 L VIP3 were selected, which provided 551.15 kg ha-1 of genetic gain in the experimental population. However, the earliest genotypes corresponded to the highest average grain yield. Female and male flowering characteristics are indicated in the indirect selection of genotypes with higher grain yields. The six selected experimental genotypes are indicated for diallel formation in a breeding program in the semiarid region of Sergipe.