Construção e validação de um cenário de simulação clínica sobre testagem e aconselhamento para o HIV em gestantes

Abstract

Introduction: Clinical simulation is a teaching strategy that aims to unify theory and practice and is linked to benefits such as improving knowledge, acquiring or improving skills in performing procedures, developing teamwork, stimulating critical-reflective thinking, improving interpersonal relationships, increase confidence, promote skill development and satisfaction with learning. The construction and validation of clinical simulation scenarios can contribute to the dissemination of these benefits. Thus, there is a need for the validation of clinical simulation scenarios as an undergraduate teaching tool. Objective: To validate a clinical simulation scenario for HIV testing and counseling for pregnant women. Method: This is a methodological research with a quantitative approach for the construction and validation of content and appearance according to the Delphi technique of a clinical simulation scenario developed in two stages: construction and validation of the scenario by judges. The sample of this study was composed of all the judges on the subject who obtained five or more points according to the adapted Fehring criteria and accepted to participate in the research. The construction of the scenario occurred from a wide literature review and following Jeffries' methodological framework. The data obtained were analyzed by calculating the Content Validity Index (CVI), using three mathematical equations: I-CVI (Item-Level Content Validity

Index), S-CVI / Ave (Scale-Level Content Validity Index / Average ) and S-CVI / UA (Scale- Level Content Validity Index / Universal Agreement). The binomial test was performed with a

significance level of 5%, to verify whether the agreement was equal to or greater than 80%. This study complied with the formal requirements contained in resolution No. 466/2012 of the National Health Council and was approved by the research ethics committee of the Federal University of Sergipe, according to opinion No. 3,826,601 and Certificate of Presentation for Ethical Appreciation: 23171119.5. 0000.5546. Results: A simulation scenario was built for HIV testing and counseling for pregnant women that was submitted to validation, in which, at the end of the first Delphi round, the items “simulation time: duration of the briefing” and “information provided for execution of the scenario: information from the medical record ”did not reach the I-CVI necessary for validation in all evaluated criteria, which were: behavioral, objectivity, simplicity, clarity, relevance, precision, variety, modality, typicality and credibility. Changes were made to the script based on the suggestions made by the judges and the script was again submitted for consideration. At the end of the second Delphi round, the judges reached consensus and all items reached the I-CVI necessary for validation. Conclusion: The study made it possible to build the script for the simulation scenario that proved to be valid and

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reliable after a validation process regarding content and appearance by experts in clinical simulation and / or women's health. This research can subsidize the teaching of HIV testing and counseling for pregnant women, since its use will favor the teaching-learning process and the development of skills and abilities in undergraduate nursing students.