Bullying não é “mi mi mi” – repercussões na saúde mental e cotidiano escolar de adolescentes e as possíveis contribuições em Terapia Ocupacional

Abstract

Adolescence is characterized as the transitional phase between childhood and adulthood permeated by biopsychosocial changes. The school can be considered by parents and educators as a place of reference for the full global development of adolescents, however, school bullying can put this idea in check. This being a phenomenon marked by aggressive behavior permeated by certain special characteristics, in an asymmetrical and repetitive power relationship. Thus, this work aims to undertake an integrative literature review about the repercussions of bullying on the daily life and mental health of adolescents and the possible contributions to Occupational Therapy. This is a qualitative research, carried out through a systematic literature review, organized into two dimensions, in which the exhaustiveness and categorization rule was used, so that the results were presented through mental maps, to facilitate the process of the study preview. The results point to repercussions on mental health and daily life, which involves symptoms of internalization, suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, insomnia, school absenteeism and school dropout. The possible interventions of Occupational Therapy are based on a multilayered approach, in a universal, selective and indicated way, involving students, the school staff and the family. The study's conclusion points to the fact that bullying can compromise the daily lives of adolescents in such a way, that it can have an indefinite impact on the constitution of mental health and daily life of the adolescents involved. Occupational Therapy emerges as a device capable of intervention in the face of the phenomenon, contributing to prevention, promotion and well-being in mental health.