A violência sexual contra a mulher em Aracaju no período de 2015 a 2019

Abstract

Sexual violence is a serious social problem in the world, recognized in 1990 by the World Health Organization (WHO) as also a public health problem, in addition to demanding more effective public policies from governments to combat and prevent this violence. The present study considered the analysis of cases of sexual violence against women in the municipality of Aracaju from 2015 to 2019. The theoretical framework consisted of conceptualizations, typifications, the role of public policies in combating violence, as well as the relationship between gender , patriarchy and the importance of the feminist movement in the fight against sexual violence. The research was exploratory descriptive with a qualitative and quantitative approach. We used the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) as a database, which is part of the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS), with the aim of quantifying cases, sociodemographically characterizing the profile of victims of violence (gender , race, age, education and place of occurrence) and their aggressors (life cycle of the perpetrator), identifying the types of violence and the means used in the aggression, as well as the type of bond between the victim and the aggressor. A total of 1,005 cases of sexual violence against women in the municipality of Aracaju from 2015 to 2019 were analyzed, regarding the characteristics of the victims, it is summarized that the majority were young people aged 10 to 14 years (35.4% ) , mixed race/color (53.2%) and with incomplete 5th to 8th grade of Elementary School (12.7%). As for the profile of the aggressor, it was noted that the majority were adults (18.2%) and friends/acquaintances of the victims (29.8%). Most situations of violence occurred at the victim's residence (56.1%). The main means of aggression used was corporal force/beating (4.5%) and the most common type of violence was rape (86.9%).Of the 1,005 cases of VSCM, 285 (28.3%) occurred due to recurrence. In addition, we also identified gaps in the registration of notifications, which highlights the need to improve the quality of the system and train the professionals involved. It is concluded that: Sexual violence against women is gender violence, and it is necessary to deconstruct the patriarchal logic and the historical role that had been attributed to women throughout the development of humanity, to which it is placed in a inferior position to that of an individual, being considered an object, an instrument of pleasure and procreation. In this way, equal and fair treatment is sought for all people, men and women alike. To obtain a positive result in this fight requires the interlocution of several sectors, such as health, education, social assistance and criminal justice.