Reúso de águas residuais na irrigação: mapeamento sistemático na literatura

Abstract

Water is an essential resource for meeting human needs, but rising temperatures are making it scarce in parts of the world. Pollution of water sources, due to the lack of sewage treatment, is also a factor that influences the quantity and quality of water available. Given this reality, this study set out to develop a systematic mapping of the literature in order to analyze the publications of articles on the reuse of wastewater for irrigation. The SCOPUS database was used to search for articles, using the keywords: "Wastewater" or "Graywater", "Irrigation", "Agriculture" and "Reuse". The results showed that in the titles of the publications, the most used keywords were: "Irrigation", "Wastewater", "Water recovered" and "Agricultural irrigation" and of the keywords were: "Wastewater", "Agriculture", "Water reuse", "Irrigation" and "Wastewater reuse". It was also noted that, according to the number of publications, the articles found are current studies and that the year 2020 had the highest number of publications. In terms of the topic covered, the United States stood out from the other countries for having the highest publication rate, 15% of the total. The journal Science of the Total Environment had the highest number of articles on the subject, 14% of the total published. The quality parameters commonly studied were: COD (12%), nitrogen (10%), conductivity (9%), suspended solids (9%), phosphorus (8%), pH (8%) and BOD (7%). The study showed that the technique is a suitable option for the proper disposal of effluents.