Trauma de face, mandíbula e côndilo e suas implicações no sistema estomatognático: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

Introduction: The mandible and the condyle have important functions in the stomatognathic system and in the performance of their functions: chewing, swallowing, phonation. Facial trauma is considered one of the main factors that cause temporomandibular disorder (TMD) and is increasingly becoming a public health problem due to the high rates of car accidents, assaults, falls, sports accidents. Facial traumas cause numerous aesthetic and functional problems for the individual. Objectives: To analyze how mandibular traumas in the condyle region imply the stomatognathic system. Methods: This is a systematic review, the search was carried out from February to March 2020, in three databases (Scielo, PubMed and Lilacs) in the last 5 years. Eligible were studies that focus on the treatment of mandibular trauma, such as randomized clinical trials, cross-sectional studies and case reports. Studies were excluded that the methodology differs from the one selected for the study and not made available for free. Results: It was observed that the individuals most affected were male, aged between 21 and 30 years, and that low education was a major factor among accidents. In addition, stomatognathic changes were present in all cases such as malocclusion, open bite, edema, deviation of the chin and loss of mandibular function. Conclusions: The evidence from this systematic review suggests that trauma to the jaw in the condyle region has several implications for the stomatognathic system, mainly limitation of mandibular movements, reduced facial mobility, difficulty in chewing, changes in speech and occlusal changes