Dermatite atópica em cães : revisão de literatura

Abstract

Canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is a hereditary allergic skin disease, characterized by inflammatory, pruritic, and chronic features interactions between abnormalities of the skin barrier, sensitization to allergens, and dysbiosis. The clinical presentation is commonly cutaneous lesions such as erythema, papules, pustules, crusts, seborrhea, and alopecia. Moreover, the pruritus is the main sign, which can lead to self-trauma and decrease in the integrity of the skin barrier. In more severe cases, it can also lead secondary infections by bacteria or fungi. The lesions can be observed in different regions of the body, such as around the mouth and eyes, ears, paws, abdomen, and perianal. The diagnosis of CAD is based on clinical history, physical examination, allergy skin tests, and the evolution of the treatment. Its includes to the control of pruritus and inflammation, prevent secondary infections, decrease of allergens, and promote skin hydration. This may include medications such as corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, antibiotics, and antifungals, as well as topical therapies, changes in the animal's diet, and moisturizers.