Registro congestão: análise multifatorial para internações do paciente com insuficiência cardíaca

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Heart faliure consists of an epidemic pathology in progression, being a final common outcome of most diseases that affect the heart. Because of this, it becomes one of the most important challenges in healthcare now a days. OBJECTIVES: Analysis of the causes of hospitalization due to the decompensation of Heart faliure in a cardiological reference Hospital. METHODS: This is a prospective cohort study performed at a cardiology reference hospital between June 2015 and June 2018. We analyzed 183 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of heart failure and an epidemiological and statistical study with selected variables was performed, as the reason for the decompensation, comorbidities and laboratory tests. RESULTS: The average age of the sample was 72.71 ± 15.26 years; 50.28% of the patients presented preservation of ejection fraction (EF> 50%). The cause of decompensation occurred due to arrhythmias (31.7%) and infection (29.5%), and the greater number of hospitalizations occurred in the months of July to October. As for comorbidities, Systemic Arterial Hypertension prevailed, with 85.24%. Markers of bad prognosis, such as anemia and elevation of urea and cretinine appeared in respectively 43.7%, 60.5% and 12.7% of the sample. CONCLUSION: The increased prevalence of individuals with diastolic dysfunction tends to increase with population aging; The presence of arrhythmia on electrocardiogram shows a high negative predictive value for decompensation of systolic dysfunction; Anemia and uremia present as markers of bad prognosis for cardiovascular events, increasing relative risk of death and hospitalization and upper airway infection, which occurred in higher rates in the winter months, are important factors for the hospitalization of patients with Heart Failure.