Bases resilientes em prótese total: uma revisão narrativa

Abstract

Conventional complete dentures can cause considerable discomfort in certain types of patients due to the adaptation of the rigid base to the supporting mucosa. Resilient relining materials have emerged as an alternative to reduce pain and improve patient acceptance of rigid-based dentures. These materials are generally used when dentures that are still in ideal clinical conditions lose their sealing and support capacity on alveolar ridges, making adaptation and patient acceptance difficult, and also in post-surgical cases, which requires a new base to increase the useful life of the denture until new ones can be manufactured. Among the most commonly used resilient relining materials are acrylic resins and silicones. Phenomena such as the loss of resilience in a short period of time by resins may indicate the need to further study the silicones available on the market, evaluating their advantages and disadvantages in relation to routine use when compared to acrylates. This study aims to evaluate, based on published clinical studies and in vitro experiments, the application of silicone-based relining materials in clinical routine compared to resilient composites based on polymethyl methacrylate. This is a narrative review using the PUBMED, LILLACS and SCIELO databases, crossing the keywords “resilient denture liners”, “soft denture liners”, “silicone denture liner”, “tissue conditioner”, “soft lining”, “complete dentures” and “removable dentures” and their respective translations, without year restriction, available in full and in Portuguese and English. All articles that did not fit the highlighted criteria were disregarded and excluded from this review. Sixteen articles were selected, including seven clinical trials, eight in vitro studies and one systematic review. It can be concluded that silicone-based resilient liners bring benefits in terms of longevity when compared to soft acrylic resin liners, although there is no absolute indication for their use.