Pneumomediastino pós-exodontia: revisão de literatura

Abstract

Post-extraction pneumomediastinum is an uncommon but potentially serious complication characterized by the accumulation of air in the mediastinal space following dental extraction procedures. Although its exact incidence is not well documented, reported cases suggest that it is an important condition to consider in patients undergoing this type of procedure. The aim of this study is to comprehensively examine the literature on pneumomediastinum as an uncommon complication following tooth extraction, with special attention to its origin, clinical symptoms, diagnostic methods, and treatment options. This work was developed through a literature review, utilizing the PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scielo databases. All analyzed works were case reports, totaling 08 works with a sample of 09 patients. Of these, 55% underwent lower molar extractions using compressed air turbines. The common clinical presentation among patients included cervical pain, dyspnea, and facial edema, with diagnosis confirmed through imaging exams. Early recognition and proper management of post- extraction pneumomediastinum are essential to prevent severe complications and ensure favorable outcomes for patients.