Lesões imunomediadas e desordens potencialmente malignas: um levantamento epidemiológico na perspectiva de uma clínica-escola

Abstract

Epidemiological surveys are essential for knowing and understanding the real needs of a population, gauging the prevalence of alterations, pathological or otherwise, and are necessary to indicate ways of preventing, reducing the incidence and evolution of lesions and the best form of treatment. With the aim of carrying out an epidemiological survey in a dental school clinic and tracing the demographic profile of patients with Immune-Mediated Lesions (IML) and Potentially Malignant Disorders (PMD), determining the incidence of these patients during consultations between the years 2017 and 2023, and whether the COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on the volume of care provided to these patients, this study retrieved information from 898 medical records of patients treated during this period so that it was possible to identify the 60 cases of PML and PMD for descriptive analysis of statistical data such as: city and area (rural or urban) of residence, gender and age, diagnosis by lesion for each of the two groups, date of first consultation and number of consultations per year. It was found that 80% of patients lived in urban areas and 36 patients were from the metropolitan region of Aracaju/SE, with MPDs being the most prevalent lesions, affecting 58.3% of the sample and being more common in males in the sixth decade of life, reaching the conclusion that the volume of care was influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, decreasing, in general, to a total of 20% of the volume attended in the year prior to the start of the pandemic (2020), recovering and reaching levels similar to pre-pandemic levels only 2 years after vaccination began.