Enfoque de gênero nas políticas de saúde da mulher: uma análise genealógica

Abstract

This study consists of an analysis of historical women’s healthcare practices employing gender as a transversal axis. It is a qualitative and theoretical study of descriptive-exploratory nature about the evolution of gender conceptions present in women's health policies in the West. Its main objective is to problematize the way medical conceptions of women's health have been constructed over time. In order to achieve this, the author relies on the bibliography and analysis of historical sources applying Foucault’s genealogy as a methodological approach that allows access to undisclosed knowledge by traditional science. He identifies the discourses expressed in Medicine that favoured the arousal of healthcare practices particular to women in the Nineteenth Century, in the shape of a dedicated specialty. He explores Gynecology as a field of ideas in which medical professionals discussed the biological nature and the social role of women. He analyzes how labor context and professional dispute helped to model healthcare practices. He examines the formulation of public health policies in Brazil in the 20th century as a product of social transformations that resulted in the regard of gender beyond biological reductionisms, as a social determinant of the health-disease binomial and generator of integrality. He highlights the proper value of science and Medicine as vehicles of social paradigms capable of resignifying being woman.