O trabalho no extrativismo mineral para a construção civil no Agreste Central Sergipano

Abstract

In this dissertation, work is understood as the founding category of social being, that is, of men as a collective, and analyzed in a given space-time: the time of capital as a social relation. Social being is realized and constituted in/by work, given that work is the organic exchange between man and nature. In other words, men have their needs satisfied by transforming nature through work. In turn, capitalism is marked as the first mode of production to be established on a global scale, given the intrinsic need to accumulate capital, which is done through the expansion and materialization of capitalist relations of production throughout the geographical space, with consequences for work. Thus, work is geared towards the production of merchandise (exchange value) and no longer towards meeting human needs (use value), with an inversion of values and the (un)fulfillment of men and women at work. In view of the above, the general aim of this research was to analyze work in mineral extraction for civil construction in Agreste Central Sergipano, especially in the municipalities of Itabaiana, Areia Branca and Campo do Brito. It should be explained that mineral extraction, considered in the research, refers to class 08.10-0 which, according to the National Classification of Economic Activities (CNAE), includes the extraction of stone, sand and clay.The need to analyze work in this activity is based on the reality that has emerged in the country in recent years, with the so-called construction boom based primarily on the existence of the Growth Acceleration Program (PAC) in 2007 and the My House My Life Program (PMCMV) in 2009.With the increase in the number of people employed in stone, sand and clay extraction units to meet the needs of the construction industry, we had the task of analyzing work in these areas.The research was carried out in the light of Historical and Dialectical Materialism, understanding the object in its multideterminations.The methodology took a qualitative-quantitative approach.For the methodological procedures, a primary bibliographic survey was adopted, based on an analysis of data from official bodies and institutes, as well as Federal Government Ministries, and a secondary survey through the reading of books, articles, dissertations and theses concerning the object of study; fieldwork was carried out with semi-structured interviews, photographic records and field notes; and maps, graphs, tables and charts were drawn up as a means of systematizing the information obtained. The results of the research show that work in mineral extraction for the construction industry in Agreste Central Sergipano is marked by precarious conditions and clientelistic and paternalistic relationships, which demonstrate the extent to which mineral extraction workers are subjected to exploitation of their labor.