Avaliação da intensidade do complexo lixa e queima das folhas em híbridos de coqueiro

Abstract

The dwarf coconut tree (Cocos nucifera L.) is susceptible to several diseases caused by phytopathogenic fungi such as: C. torrendiella, C. palmicola and B. cocogena. These diseases threaten the fields of coconut cultivation in Brazil. Due to its difficult control, and the damage it causes, as it reduces the photosynthetic area of plants and photoassimilates for fruit growth, thus causing low production. There are few fungicides registered for use in the control of these diseases and sprays are still a challenge due to the height of the plants. A viable solution to control this disease is the generation of hybrids with high productivity and resistance to diseases through the genetic improvement program. Thus, the work aimed to determine the intensity of the small sandpaper, the large sandpaper and the burning of coconut leaves in 16 hybrids from the cross between the Dwarf x Giant varieties of the Genetic Improvement Program (PMG) of Embrapa Tabuleiros Costeiros. The PB141 commercial hybrid was experimental control. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with 17 treatments (accessions) and three replications. Four evaluations were carried out with 60-day intervals, from August 2024 to February 2025. In each disease, the intensity of the incidence and severity of sandpaper and burning of coconut leaves was evaluated. Through these evaluations, it was found that the accessions that expressed the lowest incidence of small sandpaper disease were: 13, 17, 5, 12, 9, 11, 16, 1, 14 and 15. In severity there were no differences. In the large sandpaper, the accessions with the lowest incidence: 17, 16, 13, 5, 15, 8, 11, 9, 12 and 14. Lowest severity: 17, 13, 16, 5, 9, 8, 11, 15, 12, 14, 4, 2 and 1. In the burning of the leaves, there were no differences. This characterization of these materials that are being generated by Embrapa's breeding program will provide a valuable basis for future research.