Hospitalizações por doenças cerebrovasculares e gastos na atenção primária à saúde: um estudo ecológico

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Noncommunicable Diseases cause 74% of annual global deaths, of which 41 million, 41.8% of premature deaths in Brazil. Cerebrovascular diseases (CVD) stand out, contributing to 5.7 million deaths per year worldwide. Effective preventive strategies are crucial, resulting in a reduction in hospitalizations and expenses. The relationship between sensitive and general hospitalizations indicates substantial costs for the Unified Health System, highlighting the need for impactful preventive measures. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the annual incidence of hospitalizations for cerebrovascular diseases and its correlation with expenditure on Primary Health Care in the health region of Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Time series analysis of an ecological, quantitative, longitudinal study. The samples were obtained through secondary data available in the Information Technology Department of the Unified Health System (DATASUS), in the SUS Hospital Information System (SIH/SUS) and in the Public Health Budget Information System (SIOPS). Subsequently, statistical analysis was carried out using the JAMOVI, PAST tools, the Q-Q graph (plot), for data distribution and the Annual Percentage Variation (APV) for temporal trend analysis. RESULTS: Between 2012 and 2022, 3,903 hospitalizations for CVD were carried out in the Aracaju health region, most of them in the capital. The temporal trend of the annual incidence of hospitalizations for CVD was increasing in the cities of Aracaju, Barra dos Coqueiros, Laranjeiras, São Cristóvão and in the health Region analyzed and stationary in the cities of Divina Pastora, Itaporanga d'Ajuda, Riachuelo and Santa Rosa de Lima. There was no statistically significant correlation between expenditure on Primary Health Care (PHC) and annual CVD incidence over the last 11 years. CONCLUSION: CVD constitutes a relevant public health problem in the region analyzed. No municipality showed a decreasing temporal trend in hospitalizations. It is reasonable to deduce that other factors, isolated or concomitant, may interfere in the evaluation of the results, suggesting further research in future research.