Efetividade da vacina contra o rotavírus e genótipos circulantes na América Latina após a introdução da vacina: uma revisão sistemática e meta-análise

Abstract

Background: We aimed to describe the effectiveness of the vaccines and the frequency of rotavirus strains experienced by Latin America (LA) countries after vaccine introduction. Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies. Findings: We found a rotavirus incidence of 16.1% (95%CI 13.2-19.3) in LA. G2 was the most prevalent G genotype (51.6%, 95%CI 37.8-65.3), followed by G9 (14.5%, 95%CI 7.4-2.3) and G1 (14.2%, 95%CI 6.9-23.3). Among P genotype, P[4] (54.1%, 95%CI 41.3-66.5), P[8] (33.2%, 95%CI 21.9-45.5), and P[6] (3.9%, 95%CI 1.7-6.7) were the most common. G2P[4] was the most frequently found genotype in most studies. The estimated overall odds ratio was 0.50 (95% CI, 0.43-0.59), indicating a protective efficacy of 50% against infection among vaccinated children after exposure compared with unvaccinated children. Interpretation: Rotavirus vaccines are effective in preventing rotavirus-diarrhoea in children in LA countries. Surveillance studies after vaccine introduction with detail to rotavirus incidence and rotavirus genotype are essential to assess rotavirus incidence and rotavirus genotype circulation in various settings.