Caracterização de doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica em pacientes com suspeita de doença cardíaca

Abstract

Introduction: Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) have a higher prevalence of acute myocardial infarction, angina, osteoporosis, diabetes, respiratory infections, glaucoma, sleep disorders and pulmonary neoplasias. This diseases have significant impact on the state of health care home, hospital admissions and mortality in COPD, generating high health care costs. Thus, this research aims to characterize COPD patients in a private hospital. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, conducted in the city of Aracaju-Sergipe, Brazil, in the Cardiology Service of São Lucas and Pneumology at the UFS University Hospital Foundation, from March 2012 to October 2015 were evaluated 252 smokers over 40 years using spirometry and clinical examination, divided into two groups, the Group 1 (G1) - diagnosed with COPD; the Group 2 (G2) - those who did not were diagnosed with COPD. For hypothesis testing of categorical variables we used the chi-square test of Pearson or Fisher's exact when appropriate. The comparison between groups (G1 versus G2) was performed using the Student t test for continuous variables. The confidence level was 0.05 and statistical calculations SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 20.0. Results: Most of the G1 patients had mild COPD (I-60.6%) and moderate (II- 28.7%) Chronic cough and secretion were more frequent in G1 patients (p <0.007).. In comparison to G2, G1 had a higher frequency of depression, osteoporosis (p = 0.001) and cancer (p <0.001). Conclusions: G1 had more characteristical comorbidities, signs and symptoms than the G2. Therefore, it becomes important to investigate the stable COPD in smokers with suspected cardiovascular events.