Disparidades de gatilhos de infarto agudo do miocárdio entre os gêneros

Abstract

Background: External stressors such as physical and emotional stress, can be immediate triggers of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). It is estimated, due to differences in the atherothrombotic process and on work activities, be differences in the distribution of triggers and risk factors between genders. Objectives: Investigate differences in the prevalence and distribution of the triggers for MI and cardiovascular risk factors between genders. Methods: Was used VICTIM record (Via Crucis for Myocardial Infarction Treatment) conducted in five hospitals of the Great Aracaju (3 private and 2 SUS). The study included 471 patients, 173 women and 298 men, from May 2013 to April 2015, admitted with a diagnosis of STEMI. It was made the comparison between genders distribution infarction triggers and cardiovascular risk factors. Results: The presence of trigger was reported by 56% of the study population, 62% of men and 47% women. The males, when compared to the opposite sex had a greater frequency of physical exertion (p = 0.019), sex (p = 0.013) and alcohol consumption (p <0.001), while the female showed a predominance without relevance, emotional stress (p = 0.197). In addition, there was a significant predominance of systemic hypertension (SH) (p = 0.003), diabetes mellitus (DM) (p = 0.002) and dyslipidemia (p <0.001) in women. Conclusion: The trigger presence is more frequent in men. Physical exertion, sex and alcohol use was predominant in males. To factor the risk of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia was predominant among women.