“Que seremos nós, as mulheres?” : as representações femininas em crônicas de Antonieta de Barros publicadas no Jornal Catarinense República à luz dos estudos de gênero (1931–1934)

Abstract

This article uses chronicles written and published by Antonieta de Barros in the Santa Catarina newspaper República, between 1931 and 1934, which discuss sociopolitical inequalities between men and women with the aim of analyzing how the writer used them to question the gender norms and stereotypes in force at the time and also reflect on the ambiguities present in her discourse in light of gender studies. To this end, the discussions were established based on Mendonça (2016), Pandolfi (2019) and Zanelatto and Alves (2017) for a brief national and regional contextualization. Likewise, Luca (2008) is used for a precise discussion of newspapers as historical sources. In addition, Barros (2022) and Lucchesi (2012, 2014) are used to outline brief considerations on Digital History. In addition, it is based on the postulates of Beauvoir (1970), Butler (2018), Hahner (1981), Louro (2004), Priore (2007) and Scott (1995) for a bibliographic review on the History of Women and gender studies, dialoguing with authors such as Akotirene (2019) and Collins and Bilge (2020) to reflect on the trajectory of the Santa Catarina native from the intersectional perspective. In addition, it uses Espíndola (2015), Fontão (2010) and Romão (2023) to outline a biographical path of Antonieta de Barros. Finally, it was concluded that while she takes a position of defending women's rights, she understands that access to education, the right to vote and the job market are essential instruments for female emancipation, however, her discourse is permeated by conservative ideas that perpetuate gender norms and stereotypes. These, in turn, contribute to reinforcing inequalities between men and women with the aim of ensuring the maintenance of patriarchal social structures of control and oppression of women that subjugate them to domination and exploitation.