Crises ambientais e relações internacionais : sobre “desenvolvimento sustentável” e epistemologias críticas

Abstract

Concerns about environmental degradation permeates several areas of knowledge. In International Relations, it appears to have as its main focus the problem of "sustainable development", but dissatisfaction with the insufficiency of the responses proposed so far is growing. Thus, using the methodology of systematic literature review, this work aims to investigate how to incorporate into the discussion framework of International Relations the criticism of “sustainable development” arising from Latin American Political Ecology, based mainly on the thinking of the Mexican economist and sociologist Enrique Leff and indigenous thinker and activist Ailton Krenak. This work presents issues relating to development and sustainable development; the path of incorporation of this concept in the international treatment of environmental issues and its permanence as a guiding concept; the discussion present in International Relations on environmental issues, their traditional and critical perspectives; the critical aspects of sustainable development present in Political Ecology and in the thinking of Ailton Krenak and the possible approaches to International Relations. Thus, this work seeks to contribute to the understanding of the environmental crisis and the way in which it has been widely treated internationally, bringing critical epistemologies with the potential to expand the perspectives of perception of the crisis and the search for ways to deal with it.