Prevalência e tipos de violência obstétrica em maternidades públicas e privadas de Sergipe

Abstract

Obstetric violence (OV) is a global health problem that concerns situations of mistreatment of women during their reproductive years. With the aim of identifying the prevalence of OV and typifying aggressions in public and private maternity hospitals in Sergipe, this cross-sectional study was developed with women attending the University Hospital of Sergipe as its target audience. Women who gave birth in Sergipe between 2017 and 2022 were included, and those under 18 who gave birth in another state or outside that period were excluded. VO was considered based on the description of the victims and classified into 7 types: physical, verbal, psychological, sexual, social, negligence and misuse of techniques and procedures (UIPT). Prevalence calculation, Odds-Ratio (OR) and Mann-Whitney test were used for statistical analysis. 337 women were able to participate in the research. The prevalence of VO was 85.16%, being present in 95.53% of reports of childbirth in the public sector and 73.42% in the private sector. Of the types of aggression, 76.85% was UIPT, 60.83% negligence, 46.29% psychological, 25.82% physical, 17.51% sexual, 12.76% verbal and 2.67% social. 70.32% of victims suffered at least 1 type of violation. The OR regarding category association ranged between 1.43 and 22.22. It is concluded that VO had a high prevalence in Sergipe, mainly through UIPT and negligence. The types of aggression did not occur individually, with most women suffering up to 3 types of VO simultaneously.