Aplicação dos hemoderivados injetáveis no tratamento das desordens temporomandibulares: uma revisão crítica

Abstract

Temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) affects the joint itself and the structures associated with it, causing painful symptoms that affect people's quality of life. There are numerous therapies that can be used to treat these disorders, from the most conservative to the least. Arthrocentesis is a minimally invasive procedure used to flush the joint and mechanically remove adhesions, pain mediators and inflammatory cytokines. In conjunction with this approach, certain materials can be injected to help improve clinical symptoms. These include blood products such as platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP). There is therefore a debate about which derivative would be the most effective for treating TMD patients. The aim of this study was therefore to carry out a critical review of the literature on the use of injectable PRP and PRF blood derivatives in the temporomandibular joint. A bibliographic survey was carried out in the Pubmed, Lilacs and Scielo databases of literature review articles and research related to the use of blood derivatives for the treatment of TMJ disorders. Finally, studies from 2020 to 2024 in the English language were included. By reading the title, abstract and full text, 20 studies were selected that met the eligibility criteria and assessed TMD symptoms such as: pain, maximum mouth opening, mandibular movements (protrusion and laterality) and joint sounds. The studies chosen included or did not include adjunctive treatments to joint injections, such as arthrocentesis, arthroscopy and occlusal splints. It can be concluded that platelet-rich fibrin is effective in the treatment of temporomandibular disorders, as is platelet-rich plasma. However, more research with longer follow-up periods is still needed in order to be able to ascertain with greater credibility the duration of therapies with blood derivatives.