Análise facial subjetiva e satisfação facial em indivíduos com fissura orofacial

Abstract

Background: The nonsyndromic orofacial cleft (OC) is the fourth most common birth defect. In addition, it is the most prevalent craniofacial malformation. The OC can result in aesthetic and functional damages, affecting the speech, hearing, chewing and swallowing. Treatment should be interdisciplinary and start immediately after birth of the child, aiming to restore aesthetics, function and quality of life. However, even with the early treatment, aesthetic alterations may occur. The aim of this study was the subjective facial analysis and facial satisfaction of individuals with OC who underwent primary surgery. Methods: This study was conducted in the Sociedade Especializada em Atendimento ao Fissurado do Estado de Sergipe (SEAFESE). It is a descriptive study, observational of cross- sectional cohort, with quantitative methodology. For facial evaluation, two groups were selected: individuals with FO and control. In these groups subjective facial analysis and evaluation of facial satisfaction were applied. Two groups: (1) Professional group and (2) group of layman made a subjective facial analysis through a pre-established script. The cognitive assessment was made by the Mini-Mental State Examination and evaluation with facial satisfaction by applying Assessment Scale with Body Satisfaction. Results: In the self-assessment, individuals with FO had average values higher than the control group. However, when evaluated by others, individuals with FO had lower average values than the control group. Structures that received the worst evaluation were the nose, lips, mouth, chin and face. Conclusions: We can conclude that despite of individuals with OC have noticeable scars and asymmetry for others, they do not interfere with their self-acceptance and quality of life.