Seletividade alimentar em crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista e sua relação com a Obesidade Infantil: uma revisão de literatura.

Abstract

Introduction: Food selectivity is a common phenomenon in children with ASD, characterized by restricted food preferences, often with low nutritional value. This can lead to nutritional deficiencies and, consequently, impact nutritional status, including the development of childhood obesity. Objective: Describe the relationship between food selectivity and childhood obesity in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Methodology: This is a literature review obtained through a bibliographic survey, with the selection of articles published between 2018 and 2024. Thirty-six studies were analyzed, and six articles were selected based on established inclusion criteria, such as methodological quality and relevance to the topic. Results: The analyzed studies indicate a high prevalence of food selectivity among children with ASD, which is linked to a restricted diet deficient in essential nutrients. Childhood obesity was observed, especially in early childhood, being a potential risk factor for complications associated with ASD. Nutritional intervention, with balanced diets and behavioral strategies, is crucial to mitigate these effects.Conclusion: Food selectivity in children with ASD is a contributing factor to the development of childhood obesity. The implementation of appropriate therapeutic and nutritional strategies is essential to improve the nutritional status and quality of life of these children. Further studies are needed to refine intervention approaches and understand the mechanisms behind this relationship.