Sucesso clínico dos tratamentos conservadores da polpa em dentes permanentes com fraturas coronárias complicadas

Abstract

Introduction: Coronal fractures are the most prevalent type of dental trauma involving permanent teeth. When these fractures cause pulp exposure, immediate and precise therapeutic measures must be adopted to preserve the normal functions of the remaining pulp tissue. However, doubts still exist regarding the long-term clinical success of vital pulp therapies (VPT). The objective of this study is to review the clinical success of TPVs in cases of complicated coronary fractures in the literature, as well as to identify the determining factors that influence the success of these treatments and to disseminate the results among dentists.Methodology: This descriptive literature review included only clinical studies in patients who had undergone direct pulp capping treatments and partial and total pulpotomies after suffering a complicated crown fracture. The bibliographic survey was carried out in the Pubmed database covering scientific articles in English, published between 2014 and 2024, that evaluated the success rate of these treatments in permanent teeth. Literature Review: Based on the inclusion criteria, 12 scientific articles were selected. The joint analysis of the studies demonstrated high average success rates for direct pulp capping (80.7%), partial pulpotomy (89.2%) and total pulpotomy (84.4%), with the studies being predominantly conducted in young male patients aged 6 years. Regarding the treatment protocol, a greater tendency was observed in the use of calcium hydroxide; however, bioceramic materials were also used in the studies. Conclusion: This literature review demonstrated that TPVs can be used as a treatment for traumatic pulp exposures in permanent teeth, with success rates above 80%, with a higher prevalence of control occurring within a 12-month period. These data can lead to a greater understanding of the subject and encourage professionals in the field to make clinical decisions that can benefit the patient.