Lesões imunomediadas na cavidade oral: revisão de casos

Abstract

The objective of this research was to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the care of patients with oral immune-mediated lesions, OILs, to analyze demographic and clinical characteristics, as well as qualitatively evaluate the treatment protocols performed in these patients. This is an observational cross-sectional study with a survey of the medical records scheduled of the Oral Diagnosis clinic of the Federal University of Sergipe, from january 2019 to march 2020 and september 2021 to December 2022, to compare the number of attendances and evasions in the pre and post interruption of the clinic’s services due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The data were submitted to descriptive statistics. The study resulted in 1427 attendances and 428 evasions of 767 patients treated at the clinic. Of these, 21 had a clinical or histopathological diagnosis of OILs, 80.95% being women with a mean age of 50.53 years. Painful symptomatology was reported in 61.90% of cases, and white (61.90%) and multiple (90.48%) lesions, especially in the buccal mucosa (85.71%), gums (28.57%), and tongue (23.81%), were the most prevalent. The histopathological diagnosis (71.43%) was the most frequent type and oral lichen planus (57.14%) and pemphigus vulgaris (19.05%) predominated, requiring at least 02 consultations to define the diagnosis (71.43%). The use of corticosteroids was the most used initial therapy in 66.67% of cases. Of the 21, 63.90% were reassessed and 84.62% had a reduction in the number of lesions and symptomatology. It is concluded that the COVID-19 pandemic reduced the number of visits and Other studies with a larger number of patients are needed to better investigate the clinical characteristics of OILs and the effectiveness of the treatments.