Análise da ocupação na região da Foz do Rio São Francisco, Baixo São Francisco sergipano

Abstract

This dissertation is developed from the study carried out in the area that corresponds to Foz do Rio São Francisco, Povoado Cabeço and Ilha de Arambipe located between the states of Sergipe and Alagoas. Both underwent transformations following the inauguration and operation of the Xingó, Hydroelectric Plant, which changed the landscape and consequently the lifestyles of the groups that lived there. The presence of the Farol do Norte do São Francisco, brought from Scotland in the 19th century, is seen as an important element of material culture that resists these changes, evoking history and highlighting the archaeological potential of the place. Therefore, we aimed to carry out a non-interventional survey across the entire area, discovering five archaeological sites of historical character. In addition to prospecting, a documentary survey was carried out in the collection of the Port Authority of the State of Sergipe(CPES), which allowed us to access important data from the study area. Therefore, we came to the conclusion that the construction of the Xingó Dam brought irreversible impacts to this location, highlighting the need to preserve the Cabeço Lighthouse as a demarcation of an archaeological, historical and cultural place. Another factor is environmental degradation, the weakening of river and sea navigation that changes an entire subsistence system for these communities that worked in the production and export of rice.