Implante de stent laríngeo via videolaringoscopia em cão com paralisia de laringe : relato de caso

Abstract

This Final Course Project (Undergraduate Thesis) was developed as a requirement for the completion of the Veterinary Medicine degree at the Federal University of Sergipe and was linked to the Mandatory Supervised Internship. The internship was carried out at two institutions: Clínica dos Pets and Centro Médico Veterinário Mr. Zoo, providing practical experience in the routine of small animal clinical and surgical practice. The objective of this study was to describe the activities performed during the Mandatory Supervised Internship, present the profile of the cases followed, and discuss, based on scientific evidence, a case report involving the implantation of a laryngeal stent in a dog diagnosed with laryngeal paralysis, correlating clinical practice with the literature. During the internship, activities included anamnesis, physical examination, biological sample collection, monitoring of laboratory and imaging tests, assistance in surgical procedures, anesthetic monitoring, and follow-up of hospitalized patients. The experience encompassed routine consultations as well as urgent and emergency cases, contributing to the improvement of clinical reasoning and multidisciplinary teamwork skills. The literature review addressed laryngeal paralysis in dogs, a condition characterized by failure of arytenoid cartilage abduction during inspiration, resulting in upper airway obstruction. Aspects related to etiology, clinical signs, diagnosis, laboratory findings, medical and surgical treatment, complications, and prognosis were discussed, with emphasis on traditional surgical techniques and the use of the laryngeal stent as a therapeutic alternative in selected cases. The case report described a dog presenting with severe respiratory distress consistent with laryngeal paralysis, which underwent laryngeal stent implantation as a strategy to maintain airway patency. Clinical findings, complementary diagnostic tests, anesthetic protocol, surgical technique, and postoperative care were described, correlating the patient’s clinical progression with information found in the scientific literature. It is concluded that the Mandatory Supervised Internship was essential for consolidating the theoretical knowledge acquired throughout the undergraduate program, promoting technical improvement, development of critical thinking, and professional maturity. The integration of clinical practice with scientific evidence reinforced the importance of an individualized and evidence-based approach in the management of complex respiratory cases in veterinary medicine.