Planejamento experimental aplicado à eletrocoagulação para o tratamento de esgoto doméstico

Abstract

Given the growing need for environmental preservation and sustainable water management, this research addresses the application of electrocoagulation (EC) in the treatment of domestic sewage, focusing on the optimization of operational parameters through experimental design. Additionally, it aimed to evaluate the efficiency of organic matter removal using Central Composite Rotational Design (CCRD) to identify the optimal parameters for current density and pH. The characterization of the sewage was followed by the application of different EC configurations, resulting in significant removals of organic load and turbidity. The tests showed removals of up to 80.07% for BOD and 41.97% for COD in domestic sewage. Economic analysis indicated that the process is viable for smaller volumes of effluent, with a cost per cubic meter treated of $1.23 or R$6.20. The application of the method to different types of sewage demonstrated its robustness and flexibility, reinforcing the viability of EC as an effective and sustainable solution for sewage treatment. It is concluded that electrocoagulation can be an efficient alternative to improve water quality and promote public health in various communities.