Violência interpessoal e autoprovocada: tendências no Brasil e análise da qualidade dos dados no estado de Sergipe

Abstract

Introduction: Violence, both interpersonal and self-inflicted types, is a significant public health issue, associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Objective: To evaluate the temporal trend of notifications of interpersonal and self-inflicted violence in Brazil and the quality of the recorded data on epidemiological surveillance data on interpersonal and selfinflicted violence in the state of Sergipe between 2011 and 2023. Method: This is an ecological time-series and evaluative study. The temporal analysis used data from SINAN, covering the period from 2011 to 2023. Simultaneously, an evaluation of the quality of data recorded in Sergipe was conducted, considering the criteria of completeness (percentage of variables filled) and consistency (coherence between related fields). This study used secondary data from public access, with no possibility of identifying the subjects. Results: In Brazil, between 2011 and 2023, notifications of violence against children and pre-adolescents showed a higher percentage recorded among girls (62,9%), with the most affected age group being 10 to 14 years. Sexual violence stood out as the most recurrent among female victims, with rape being the most reported type. Among elderly people, violence mainly affected women (56,7%), and a lack of information regarding the victims' education level was observed. Recurrent violence was more frequent among women, with the home being the most common place of occurrence (71,05%). Self-inflicted violence accounted for 25,3% of all cases reported in Brazil during the period. Recurrence was observed in 39,86% of cases, with poisoning being the most frequent means of self-harm (59,6%), and the home being the most common location (82,6%). A rising trend in notification rates of interpersonal and self-inflicted violence in Brazil was observed between 2011 and 2023. In the case of violence against children and pre-adolescents, notifications increased from 63,3 to 343,7 per 100.000 inhabitants, with an AAPC of 13,7%. Among the elderly, rates increased from 25,8 to 133,8 per 100.000 inhabitants (AAPC = 12,1%). Selfinflicted violence also showed growth, especially among young people aged 20 to 29. The analysis of data quality in Sergipe revealed weaknesses in completeness, with over 40% of variables presenting incomplete filling. Data consistency was also assessed as regular, highlighting inconsistencies in critical variables, such as the perpetrator of violence and characteristics of the event. These limitations hinder the effective use of the data for planning and intervention actions. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the complexity of violence, which mainly affects vulnerable groups and requires a robust response from the health system. Increasing trends in violence notifications and weaknesses in data recording were observed, highlighting the need to improve data quality to support public health actions. This work contributes to understanding the dynamics of violence in Brazil and improving strategies to combat it, aiming for a more effective response to victims.