Perfil epidemiológico das internações por infarto agudo do miocárdio em mulheres no estado de Sergipe

Abstract

Introduction: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the leading cause of death in Brazil. It can be defined based on individuals who present with Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI), stable angina, or ischemic Heart Failure (HF). In recent years, several studies have warned of an increase in the number of AMI cases associated with worse outcomes, even among young women, when compared to men. This issue highlights the need to better understand the scenario of Acute Myocardial Infarction in women by evaluating associated factors and in hospital morbidity and mortality. Objective: To evaluate the epidemiological profile of hospital admissions and in-hospital morbidity and mortality related to Acute Myocardial Infarction among females in the state of Sergipe, Brazil, from August 2015 to August 2025. Methodology: This is a retrospective, descriptive ecological study with quantitative analysis, using data collected from the Department of Informatics of the Brazilian Unified Health System (DATASUS). Results: In Sergipe, during the period from 2015 to 2025, 4,944 women were hospitalized, with a predominance in the Aracaju region. Most patients were of mixed race (parda), and hospitalizations increased with advancing age. The 60–79 year age group accounted for the highest number of admissions. However, younger age groups (30–59 years) showed fluctuations over the study period. When compared with males, in-hospital mortality rates were higher among women, particularly in those aged 80 years or older and among white women. Conclusion: The study demonstrated differences in the occurrence of Acute Myocardial Infarction according to region, sex, age group, and race/ethnicity, reinforcing the need for the implementation of public health measures focused on prevention and health promotion tailored to the specific characteristics involved.