Farmacoterapia do transtorno de deficit de atenção com hiperatividade

Abstract

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is defined as a constant condition of distraction and/or hyperactivity/impulsivity that affects the development of the affected individual. Although the diagnosis is more common in children, ADHD can continue throughout adulthood in around 30 to 60% of cases. Adolescents and adults who continue to have symptoms often experience problems with anxiety (47%), mood (38%), impulse control (20%) and the use of illicit substances (15%). The main objective of this study is to survey the pharmacological therapy available for the treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. To carry out this review, the bibliographic research was carried out following methodological standards indicated by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) in the PubMed, Scopus and Directory of Open Access Journals databases in August 2016 and by search manual. There were scientific articles and information from health bodies such as the Brazilian Attention Deficit Association (ABDA) and the Pubchem and Drugs databases. Concluding that, it is understood that the pharmacological treatment of ADHD is complex and there are several applied and effective options, such as methylphenidate and amphetamine derivatives, both with evident applicability and well-clarified adverse effects. Other treatments are being promoted, such as agomelatine and atomoxetine, and are preferable in specific situations to achieve greater therapeutic success.