Porcelanas atuais: conceitos e indicações

Abstract

Dental ceramics are widely valued for their ability to reproduce the natural appearance of teeth, offering excellent aesthetics and suitable physical-mechanical properties for different clinical situations. The diversity of available materials (feldspathic ceramics, leucitic ceramics, lithium disilicate glass-ceramics, zirconia, and glass-infiltrated systems) requires dentists to constantly update their knowledge to understand their variations in strength, translucency, limitations, and restrictions. The objective of this literature review is to synthesize and integrate information from the scientific literature on the use of dental ceramics, emphasizing their properties, restrictions, limitations, classifications, and clinical applications. Thus, the aim is to offer a review with consistent content and knowledge that assists both dental students and professionals in selecting the most appropriate ceramic material for each clinical situation. I conclude and recommend that the adoption of such all-ceramic systems be approached with extreme caution and strict adherence to their prosthetic indications. The literature review was conducted by searching scientific websites for articles available in the PubMed, LILACS, BVSsalud, SciELO, and Google Scholar databases. The articles selected were published from the year 2000 onwards in Portuguese or English. The descriptors used were: dental porcelains, ceramics, and dental prostheses.