Uso de derivados canabinoides no tratamento da ansiedade : uma revisão de escopo

Abstract

Anxiety disorders constitute one of the main challenges to global public health, with high prevalence and a significant impact on individuals' quality of life. Although conventional pharmacological treatment has proven efficacy, limitations such as adverse effects, risk of dependence, and variable therapeutic response have driven the search for therapeutic alternatives. In this context, cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychotropic compound of Cannabis sativa, has aroused increasing scientific interest due to its anxiolytic potential and favorable safety profile. This study aimed to conduct a scoping review on the use of cannabidiol in the treatment of anxiety disorders, with an emphasis on Generalized Anxiety Disorder. This is a descriptive-exploratory study with a qualitative approach, conducted according to the recommendations of the PRISMA-ScR checklist. Searches were performed in the PubMed, SciELO, BVS, and Google Scholar databases, including articles published between 2015 and 2025, in Portuguese and English. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 16 studies comprised the final sample. The results indicate that CBD presents promising therapeutic potential in reducing anxiety symptoms, with good tolerability and a lower incidence of adverse effects when compared to traditional drugs. However, gaps remain regarding dosage standardization, long-term safety, and mechanisms of action. It is concluded that cannabidiol represents a relevant therapeutic alternative, although robust clinical trials are needed for its consolidation in clinical practice.