Práticas de saúde e modernidade na cidade de Parnaíba, Piauí (1850 a 1930) : um estudo arqueológico

Abstract

The nineteenth century is marked by great changes. Revolutions and changes in the field of ideas during the nineteenth and early twentieth century, rely on conceptions of modernity and progress. The consolidation of the capitalist system and consumption in the West interfered deeply in social relations. Among many of these transformations, changes in daily habits intervened in the public and private space, changing secular habits considered appropriate on social standards so far. Bodily health and public hygiene were covered by such transformations. The concern with these evils, together with the European way of life, which was at the beginning of the changes that were to come, forced the installation of laws governing the application of policies for public health. In this context of ideological innovations, the city of Parnaíba was in a phase of modernization with a trade developed, as well as other cities. Renewals in economic and social relations, bodily health became part of the daily habits of the population, and are also used for social distinction. To illustrate and understand the ways of modernity in the city of Parnaíba took a case study of the People's Museum Pharmacia, especially his medicine bottles. From the perspective of Archaeology Interpretive was possible to understand consumer practices geared to health in the city of Parnaíba, realizing its insertion into the capitalist system, the adoption of the bourgeois order and the development of modern conceptions, seated in the positivist thinking, which will consolidate the scientific discourse pharmacists in the transition to the twentieth century, in opposition to the healers, and apothecaries.