Avaliação da influência de um agente modificador de superfície de partículas na estruturação de compósitos bioativos

Abstract

Treating lesions in living tissues has become a health issue due to the late natural healing process, limited acceptance and compatibility with grafts. The development of biomaterials emerges as a new strategy. Thus, this study aimed to obtain bioactive porous composite, of different compositions and the evaluation of the influence of the composition on the physical, chemical, structural, morphological and biological properties for possible application in tissue engineering. The project started with the preparation and characterization of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HAP), via a wet precipitation route, and the modification of their surface by stearic acid (SA) (reflux). The presence of SA in the surface of HAP promoted significant changes in their general characteristics, especially in their morphology, size and thermal stability (TG/DTG). For the formation of composites, chitosan with different degrees of purity were chosen. To the homogeneous dispersion of ceramic in the polymer dispersion has required the incorporation of a viscosity agent, hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), which prevented the settling of HAP particles. Thus, six groups were evaluated and characterized by techniques that allowed to infer basic information about the degree of swelling, porosity, surface morphology, thermal stability, crystallinity and chemical environment (chemical groups). The cellular viability evaluated under the composites allows suggesting the biocompability of these. The study of the structural organization during lyophilization, using the small angle X-ray scattering, and evaluation of internal morphological structure of the composites under the influence of the composition was performed using X-ray Tomography. These analyzes showed that the presence of SA in the surface composition of nanoparticles inserted in composites influenced the agglomeration and deposition of HAP nanometric in the polymer structure, determining the structural characteristics of these composites.