Destoxicação do farelo de mamona em secador solar

Abstract

The manufacturing process of biodiesel from castor oil produces a byproduct known as pie or meal, which has anti-nutritional characteristics that only allow its use as fertilizer. If there is a chance to detoxify the pie, it can be used as animal feed with high protein content, increasing its value. There are detoxification processes physical, chemical, biological and combined processes. The possibility of physical treatment by the solar dryer becomes attractive because the process tends to raise the temperature of the bran to about 60 ° C, temperature that eliminates the ricin, a lethal toxin that represents approximately 1.5% of the bran. In the present work was made a review of the literature about the known processes for the detoxification of castor bean meal, ranging from the use of autoclave until the sun drying. After the review, was defined as an object to eliminate the toxin ricin, the solar dryer of indirect exposure. Initially, the castor bean meal were separated into samples and measuring their mass. The initial moisture content and water activity of the samples were identified and these were placed in electric and solar dryers. The results of drying experiments are presented in the form of graphs and tables, with values of temperature, percentage of dry matter, acidity, total moisture, and protein content of ricin eliminated. The results of drying experiments are presented in the form of graphs and tables, with the values of temperatures, percentage of dry matter, acidity, total moisture, and protein content of ricin eliminated. These data allowed us to observe the optimum conditions of treatment depending on the quality of ricin, concluding that the solar dryer of indirect exposure eliminates part of ricin, but not entirely, because it takes approximately 95 ° C and 6.5 hours of drying to complete elimination of toxin.