Comparação de dois protocolos anestésicos locais para o controle da dor na remoção de terceiros molares inferiores inclusos

Abstract

The concern of dentistry professionals about controlling the pain in their procedures comes from ancient times. Each day new drugs emerge, as well as protocols that combines anaesthetic salts with techniques, or even, two anesthetic salts to the same technique. For this reason, this study intends to evaluate the efficiency of two local anesthetic protocols, one using only lidocaine, known as the “gold standard” anesthetic salt, another combining articaine and lidocaine, for the control of the intraoperative control during the impacted lower third molar surgery. The study subjects were patients from the Dentistry Department at the Federal University of Sergipe, that after a clinical and X-ray diagnosis presented asymptomatic impacted lower third molars needing extraction and odontosection, from which we could take 160 samples. Each person passed through the Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block through the direct technique, using a tube (1,8ml) of 2% lidocaine, with epinephrine 1:100,000. In Group 1 (80 volunteers), it was only used half of a tube (0,9ml) of 2% lidocaine, with epinephrine 1:100,000 associated to the buccal nerve block. In Group 2 (80 volunteers), it was used half of a tube (0,9ml) of 4% articaine, with epinephrine 1:100,000 associated to the buccal nerve block. For the collected data we performed statistical tests (Student's T-test and Chi-Square with 5% significance level). Finally, on the sample study, there was more failure on the surgery procedures in the group that was tested with only lidocaine (p=0.0138), and we could check the problem mainly on the odontosection (p<0,0001). The combination of lidocaine and articaine was more efficient over the control of the intraoperative pain related to the extraction procedures of the impacted lower third molar.