Avaliação das ações de controle e tratamento da tuberculose no âmbito do SUS no estado de Sergipe

Abstract

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease considered a global problem of great magnitude and importance for public epidemiology. It is estimated that one-third of the world's population is infected with the etiological agent of the disease (Mycobacterium tuberculosis). Tuberculosis (TB) may be latent and asymptomatic in 90% of patients with this profile. Recent studies suggest that 5% progress to the acute phase in 18 months after the initial infection, reaching primarily the lungs, and can affect other organs. In Brazil, social factors (housing, malnutrition and overpopulation) appear with conditioning factors for the continuity of the transmission chain. In view of a new model for tuberculosis control, WHO defined three epidemiological indicators for the classification of disease progression: a) tuberculosis burden, b) multidrug resistant tuberculosis, and c) TB / HIV co-infection. For that, a study with a descriptive, observational and retrospective design, based on data collection, was carried out in the referenced sources: Laboratorial Environment Manager (GAL), Aggravation and Notification System (SINAN) and Death Notification System (SIM), Data from smear microscopy and cultures for tuberculosis were collected between 2012 and 2015, totaling 9716 bacilloscopy and 4919 cultures, totalizing a quantitative of 2,415 new cases. In this way, the main measures for the control of the disease are to correctly diagnose and treat the pulmonary cases, thus interrupting the chain of transmission of the disease. This study aims to evaluate the incidence of new cases of tuberculosis in the state of Sergipe, with an emphasis on diagnosis and treatment. Thus, with the view of the epidemiological profile of TB, this study helps in the formation of strategies to reduce the number of cases obtained in the study.