Reatividade cutânea à banana e fatores de risco para síndrome látex-fruta em profissionais da área da saúde

Abstract

Latex-fruit syndrome occurs because of a cross-reaction between antigens present in latex and those present in certain fruits, such as banana. Healthcare professionals are at a risk because of the constant occupational exposure to latex. The aim of this study is to determine skin sensitivity to banana and the risk factors for the manifestation of latex-fruit syndrome in healthcare professionals. A convenience sample was tested, comprising 150 professionals registered in the healthcare services network of the city of Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil. The skin prick test was performed, and a questionnaire regarding sociodemographic and working conditions as well as history of signs and symptoms of allergies was administered. The hypersensitivity skin test results were found to be positive for banana in 12.7% (n = 19) of the individuals. The majority of the individuals who were hypersensitive to banana had a moderate-to-high profile of occupational contact with latex (89.5%; n = 17). In addition, symptomatic latex-fruit syndrome was observed in 4% (n = 6) of the individuals. However, personal and/or family history of allergies and occupational profile to latex were not associated with hypersensitivity to banana. It is recommended that the skin prick test be performed to evaluate individuals belonging to the risk groups in order to prevent more severe reactions and improve the quality of life through strategies to promote the reduction of allergic signs and symptoms.