Principais causas de êmese e evolução clínica em crianças de até 5 anos de visa atendidas no ambulatório de gastroenterologia pediátrica do hospital universitário da Universidade Federal de Sergipe

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: to verify the causes of vomiting in children younger than 5 years, evolution, manifestations and treatments. METHODS: observational, cross-sectional, retrospective, descriptive study, medical records analysis at the Pediatric Gastroenterology Outpatient Clinic, Sergipe University Hospital, in Aracaju, from May to July (2017). Including patients of both sexes, with major complaint of vomiting at the first consultation. Statistical analysis performed through SPSS 22.0 software. RESULTS: 22 medical records were analyzed. In 50% of the children, the vomiting began until the 8th month and, on average, the children showed 4.2 vomiting/day. The main associated manifestations were diarrhea (40.9%) and abdominal distension (36.4%). The clinical diagnosis included gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and food allergy (36.4% each), as well as physiological reflux, lactose intolerance and celiac disease. The behaviors involved conservative and pharmacological treatments, as well as dietary modification, standing out the postural orientations (86.4%). In 36.4% of the patients, symptoms improved in the 1st year of life and, in more than 50% of them, up to 2 years of age. CONCLUSIONS: the main causes were GERD and food allergy, the main manifestations were diarrhea and abdominal distension and the main treatments were postural guidelines and pharmacological approach. There was improvement of the condition up to 2 years in 54.5% of the patients.