Perfil clínico e epidemiológico de pacientes com leishmaniose visceral internados no Hospital Universitário de Sergipe

Abstract

Visceral Leishmaniasis is an endemic disease in the northeastern Brazilian region, affecting approximately 1500 people in that region only this year. Sergipe presents itself as a state that is notably representative of this amount, counting on 55 cases and 9 deaths only in 2018 due to the disease. In view of this, is fundamental to study the clinical manifestations of Calazar in a regional context, comparing the descriptions available in the literature; with the purpose to better understand the profile of hospitalized patients at the University Hospital. This study allows to present a prospective descriptive study of cases series of patients at the University Hospital of Sergipe from 2016 to 2018 by Visceral Leishmaniasis; describing the main signs prevalence and disease symptoms as well as its remission from certain days after drug treatment. As a methodology, 53 patients were evaluated in the present study between 2016 and 2018, regarding the symptoms’ presence of fever, asthenia, weight loss, hyporexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, abdominal pain, epistaxis, bleeding, hypocorous mucous membranes, jaundice, edema, ascites and adenomegaly; on days 0,7,21,30,60,90 and 180 subsequent from the start of drug treatment. Patients immunocompromised by HIV / AIDS or using immunosuppressive medications were excluded from the study. The diagnostic definition was based on the RK-39 rapid test and myelogram and / or bone marrow culture. From the evaluation of 53 patients, it was concluded that 68.3% were male and 31.7% were female. The mean age of inpatients was 28.84 years. The most prevalent symptoms were fever, asthenia, weight loss, and abdominal pain. The most symptoms resolution predominated between D0 and D7 after the beginning of the medication. The most commonly used treatment was liposomal amphotericin B; and the letality rate was 1.9%.