Da construção discursiva do ódio contra docentes à invasão de competência: considerações pandêmicas a partir da abordagem sociológica e comunicacional do discurso

Abstract

Calendar year 2020 – Covid-19 Coronavirus Pandemic. 2020 academic year – abrupt interruption of in-person teaching, starting in March. The widespread spread of the pandemic generated a series of restrictive measures and education was just one of the many areas affected. Educational systems and their professionals needed to adapt to new teaching alternatives: closed schools, teachers and students in their respective homes and virtual classes connecting everyone. This change, in the school scenario, may have been the trigger for the hatred towards the teacher's work to surface, which was bombarded on social media, by hate speech, as there was the idea, which was actually fueled by a certain political party, that teachers were taking advantage of the pandemic context to not work. In this sense, this study analyzed the construction of meaning in clippings of hate speech that, during the COVID-19 pandemic, were broadcast on the social media Facebook, specifically on the Mídia Ninja page (2021; 2022). Objective of the research the investigation into hate speech against teachers will be guided by the basic theoretical contribution of research concentrated on the assumptions of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), assuming a decolonial stance to denaturalize the actions that cause discourses of power ( Chouliaraki and Fairclough,1999; Fairclough, 2008; Djik, 2008; Pedrosa, 2013; Resende, 2019; Wodak, 2003), as well as working on the concept of ideology based on readings in Thompson (2011). The methodological paths followed the steps of qualitative-interpretative research (Pardo, 2015; Pedrosa, 2014, 2016). The methodology specifically addressed the discourses evidenced in the mass media and the uses of media discourses (Dijk, 1985). The corpus was made up of 24 fragments that cover the general and specific objectives. To analyze the collected speeches, the evaluative system (Halliday, 1985) was used. With this category of analysis developed to analyze the speech of approvals or disapprovals, we analyze the communication events produced by social actors or speakers involved in the speeches. The judgment event occurs because users of a language, in contact with their interlocutors, express how they feel about the communication events and people involved in them, even if this expression is disguised in the discourse (Martin, 2003).