Aleitamento materno: benefícios e desmame

Abstract

Objective: The main objective of this research is to carry out a bibliographic survey on the benefits of breastfeeding for the health of the child, as well as the factors that lead to early weaning. Methodology: The study is characterized as a descriptive literature review. The studies were found in the Virtual Health Library that gathers databases such as Scielo, Lilacs, PubMed, among others. The following descriptors were used: Breastfeeding, Benefits of Breastfeeding, Breastfeeding and Child Health. Results: The result of the research points to the confirmation that Exclusive Breastfeeding (EBF) until the sixth month of life and Complementary Breastfeeding (AMC) until the age of 2 years, directly impact nutritional, immunological and cognitive aspects and are the most efficient way to guarantee the health of the child. The research also showed that the main factors for early weaning are related to the introduction of teats and bottles, as well as the return of women to the job market. Conclusion: Breastfeeding is essential for the child to reduce the risk of developing certain pathologies, in addition to helping to maintain an adequate nutritional status in childhood and also in adulthood. It is worth mentioning that there is still much to be done to reduce the rate of early weaning in Brazil and in the world.