Avaliação das complicações crônicas e das comorbidades de pacientes portadores de Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 em um centro de referência de média complexidade

Abstract

Objective: To identify the chronic complications and comorbidities of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) attended in a medium complexity reference center. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study conducted in the Centro de Diabetes do IPESAÚDE, Aracaju, SE, from September to December 2016. Two hundred and fifty one patients with DM2 evaluated according to sociodemographic, clinical and biological characteristics. Sociodemographic characteristics included gender, age and schooling; clinics characteristics included duration, treatment and chronic complications of DM, life habits and comorbidities; biological characteristics included body mass index, blood pressure and laboratory tests such as glycemic profile, lipid profile and albuminuria. Evaluation of blood pressure and metabolic control followed recommendations of Sociedade Brasileira de Diabetes 2015-2016. Results: Chronic complications were present in 45% of individuals. The most prevalent were diabetic neuropathy (19.5%), coronary artery disease (15.1%) and diabetic nephropathy (12%). Patients with chronic complications had higher mean duration of DM (14.12 ± 10.01 vs. 8.61 ± 6.76, p <0.001) and higher prevalence of hypertension (83.2% vs. 62.3%, p <0.001) than patients without these complications. Patients had 74.5% dyslipidemia, 71.7% hypertension, 39.4% overweight and 39% obesity. Only 39.4% had controlled hypertension and 31% had controlled dyslipidemia. Conclusion: The frequency of chronic complications in DM2 patients was high and was associated with duration of disease and presence of hypertension. Regarding comorbidities, overweight, obesity, hypertension and dyslipidemia, were quite prevalent and were not adequately controlled.