Interferência do processo de internamento na UTI na funcionalidade dos pacientes

Abstract

Objective: To understand the interference of the hospitalization process in the intensive care unit (ICU) in the functionality of the patient, assessing functional independence at the time of admission, discharge and 30 days after discharge from the intensive care unit. Method: Longitudinal study, with observational and descriptive design, carried out in the ICU of the Hospital Universitário de Lagarto, from August 2018 to October 2019. Functional independence was assessed through the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) applied in 4 moments : FIM prior to hospital, FIM prior to ICU (for those who spent more than 48 hours in the hospital before the ICU), FIM after immediate discharge, and FIM 30 days after discharge from the ICU. Results: During the research period, 55 patients were included, 52.72% female, mean age 56.79 ± 21.22, with predominant diagnoses of orthopedic postoperative and sepsis. When the 4 moments of the FIM were compared, there was significant variation in all domains (p <0.001), the age and length of the ICU and the FIM after 30 days, the time of the ICU being determinants of the FIM after discharge from the ICU. Conclusion: Hospitalization and in the ICU reduces the functionality of the patient, observing an improvement in the functional status at discharge from the ICU and 30 days after, but without returning to baseline levels. Those who used mechanical ventilation had reductions in the total cognitive domain after discharge and 30 days after discharge from the ICU.