Avaliação do desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor de crianças com microcefalia potencialmente associadas com Zika vírus

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the neuropsychomotor development of children with microcephaly. METHODOLOGY: This is a cross-sectional observational study for convenience. The study included 44 children distributed in two groups. The study group (15) comprised children with microcephaly and the control group (29), which comprised atypical children. The assessment instruments used were: tape measure for head circumference measurement; the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS), the Denver II and the Pediatric Disability Assessment Inventory (PEDI). Data obtained from standardized assessment instruments were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferrone post hoc and independent sample student t-test (p <0.05). Pearson's linear correlation was used to determine possible correlations (p <0.05). RESULTS: Data obtained using AIMS indicated a significant decrease in the study group score in relation to control in prone, supine, sitting and standing positions (p <0.05). The Denver II instrument showed a significant difference in the Social Personnel, Language and Gross Motor domains (p <0.05). The PEDI, a significant reduction was identified in the functional areas of self-care, mobility and social function (p <0.05). There was also a moderate correlation between head circumference and neuropsychomotor development (r=0,53; p = 0,01).. CONCLUSION: The present study showed that children with microcephaly have global neuropsychomotor developmental delay and total caregiver dependence when compared to typical children. Nevertheless, motor development correlates with head circumference measurement, since very low CP values predispose to more severe delays in neuropsychomotor development