O processo de inclusão dos estudantes surdos no Instituto Federal de Sergipe: uma análise sob a perspectiva da abordagem sociológica e comunicacional do discurso

Abstract

When we consider the social issues surrounding the deaf community and access to education in Brazil, we see that, despite legal advances, there are still barriers to effective inclusion, whether in public or private educational network. Because of this, in the present work, we set out to investigate the process of inclusion of deaf students at the Federal Institute of Sergipe through the analysis of documents dealing with the provision of Libras Interpreters by IFS, checking if there is a dissonance between legislation and institutional practices. In this qualitative-interpretative research, we took into account the theoretical legacy of authors linked to Critical Discourse Analysis, such as Fairclough (1989, 1992, 2001, 2003, 2008), Van Dijk (1997, 2008), Wodak (2003, 2009), Magalhães (2001), Ramalho (2006), Resende (2009) and Pedrosa (2012). We also resort to studies undertaken by Gesser (2009), Dorziat et al. (2011), Souza et al. (2014), Abreu (2016), among others, regarding the deaf and Linguistic Law, through which Libras is guaranteed as the first language of this community and Portuguese as a written language. Following the methodological path, for the textually oriented discursive analysis of the corpus, we made linguistic and sociodiscursive considerations. The linguistic aspect was supported by the Systemic-Functional Grammar, with its Evaluative system; on the other hand, the sociodiscursive criterion was provided by the Critical Discourse Analysis and its national current - the Sociological and Communicational Approach to Discourse. The results of the research showed that, between 2014 and 2018, the main barrier faced by the deaf who studied at the IFS was communicational, ranging from the absence of the Libras Translator and Interpreter to the hiring of the latter by court order, after classes started, harming these students. We also verified that this non-hiring or the delay in hiring and the difficulty in keeping the Interpreter in the institution were caused by internal attitudinal management barriers, allied to legal barriers from the Union.