Um olhar organizacional sobre a relação da Síndrome de Burnout com a posição do indíviduo na Pirâmide de Maslow

Abstract

This study aims to understand the relationship between the position of the employee on the Maslow Pyramid and the cases of Burnout Syndrome in the organizational environment. The Syndrome was further studied in 1974 with the article Staff Burn-out, written by the psychologist Herbert J. Freudenberger. Over the years, there has been a growing concern with Quality of Life and well-being in the organizational environment and, with this, the need to understand more about occupational diseases and how organizations can act in their prevention emerged. Among the most alarming diseases is the Burnout Syndrome resulting from the exhaustion caused by the work environment that affects not only workers, but also organizations. In the 50s, Abrahan H. Maslow began his studies on the Theory that would become known as the Hierarchy of Needs. He believed that human beings live to satisfy their needs, in order to achieve their self-realization. To analyze these needs in greater depth, he divided them into five groups and arranged them in descending order, which was then visually transformed into a pyramid, the Pyramid of the Hierarchy of Needs, where at itsbase are physiological needs, followed by security, social, esteem and self-fulfillment needs (MASLOW, 1970). Need for psychology is an internal state of dissatisfaction caused by the lack of some good necessary for well-being, with Burnout being an emotional disorder that affects the lives of workers and compromises the needs of those affected. For this investigation, the qualitative inductive method was used, based on the analysis of multiple cases through the application of semi-structured interviews and a field diary, which aimed to trace the interviewees' profiles and verify which relationships the needs presented by them relate to the Syndrome of Burnout. After the collection and analysis of data, it was found that there are significant relationships between the triggering factors of the Syndrome and the lack of needs. A relationship between symptoms and Needs was also perceived, with Needs being affected by symptoms. Then, new fields of research were opened for the development and application of strategies to minimize the lack of needs of employees and thus shed light to the Burnout Syndrome, in order to avoid it.